Assignment 1
Definition of test, measurement, assessment, evaluation, informal and formal assessment, and formative and summative assessment.

Test:

• Test is defined as a method of measuring a person’s ability knowledge, or performance in a given domain (Brown 2004:3).
• Test is defined as a systematic procedure for observing a person’s behavior and describing it with the aid of a numerical scale or category system (Azwar 2005).

Measurement:

• Measurement is defined as process that produces a picture in the form of numbers based on the observation results regarding several characteristics of an object,person or even (Hopkins and Antes 1990).
• Measurement is defined as a process that describes student performance by using a quantitative scale (number system) in such a way that the qualitative nature of the student’s performance is expressed by numbers (Alwasilah et al.1996).

Assessment:

•  (Huba and Freed 2000) defines assessment as the process of gathering and discussing information from multiple and diverse sources in order to develop a deep understanding of what studens know, understand, and can do with their knowledge as a result of their educational experiences. 
• (Palomba and Banta 1999) defines assessment as the systematic collection, riview, and use of information about educational programs undertaken for the purpose of improving student learning and development. 

Evaluation:

• (Norman E. Gronlud 1976) defines evaluation as a systematic process for determining or making decisions to what extent teaching objectives have been reached by student. 
• (Sajekti Rusi 1988) defines evaluation as the process of assessing something, which includes a description of student behavior both quantitatively (measurement) and qualitatively (assessment).

Informal assessement:

• Informal assessement is defined as involves interaction in the classroom when teachers assess the behavior of their students. Informal assessment also includes when teachers ask student questions and pay attention to student responses.  

Formal assessement:

• Formal assessement is defined as the systematic, pre planned data based test that measurewhat and how well the students have learned. Formal assessments determine the student’sproficiency or mastery of the content and can be used for comparisons against certain standarts.

Formative assessment:

• Formative assessment is defined as an assessment done during the instructional process for the purpose of improving teaching or learning (Black and William, 2003).

Summative assessment:

• Summative assessment refer to the assessment of participants where the focus is on the outcome of a program. This contrasts with formative assessment, which summarizes the participants’ development at a particular time. The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against a standard or benchmark (Wikipedia).

References

www.ukessays.com/essays/education/definition-of-test-types-of-test-education-essay.php
www.google.com/amp/s/yogapermanawijaya.wordpress.com/2014/10/16/pengertian-pengukuran-measurement-penilaian-assessment-dan-evaluasi-evaluate-dalam-pendidikan/amp/
https://www.westminster.edu/about/accreditation-assessment/definition.cfm
www.google.com/amp/s/abdao.wordpress.com/2015/07/18/formal-and-informal-assessment/amp/
www.maxmanroe.com/vid/manajemen/pengertian-evaluasi.html
Akbariskandar.blogspot.com/2011/05 penilaian-informal.html
www.google.com/amp/s/abdao.wordpress.com
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summative-assessment